Uncommon Symptoms of TB: When Tuberculosis Affects Other Parts of the Body

Aakash Deshwal

May 16, 2025

Table of Content

Tuberculosis (TB) is often associated with a persistent cough, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. However, TB is not just a lung disease. It can affect other parts of the body, leading to symptoms that may not immediately be recognised as tuberculosis. These uncommon symptoms of TB disease can make early diagnosis difficult, potentially leading to complications if left untreated.

Understanding Tuberculosis Beyond the Lungs

Pulmonary TB, which affects the lungs, is the most well-known form of the disease. But TB bacteria can travel through the bloodstream and infect other organs, leading to extrapulmonary TB. When this happens, the symptoms may vary significantly based on the organ affected.

1. Tuberculosis of the Bones and Joints

TB can affect bones and joints, especially the spine (Pott’s disease) and large joints like hips and knees.

Persistent back pain
Swelling in the joints
Difficulty in movement or stiffness
Development of spinal deformities in severe cases

2. Tuberculosis of the Brain (TB Meningitis)

When TB spreads to the brain, it can lead to meningitis, which is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition. Symptoms include:

Severe headaches
Stiff neck
Confusion or altered mental state
Sensitivity to light
Seizures in severe cases

3. Tuberculosis of the Kidneys and Urinary Tract

Renal TB can mimic other urinary tract infections (UTIs) and is often overlooked. Symptoms include:

Blood in urine
Pain in the lower back or sides
Frequent urination and discomfort while urinating
Fever and unexplained fatigue

4. Tuberculosis of the Abdomen

Abdominal TB affects the intestines, peritoneum, and lymph nodes in the abdomen. Symptoms may include:

Persistent abdominal pain
Swelling and bloating
Unexplained weight loss
Diarrhoea or constipation

5. Tuberculosis of the Skin

Cutaneous TB is rare but can present as skin lesions or ulcers that do not heal. Symptoms may include:

Red, scaly patches on the skin
Persistent sores that do not respond to normal treatment
Skin nodules that may develop into abscesses

6. Tuberculosis of the Lymph Nodes

TB in the lymph nodes (scrofula) can cause swollen lymph glands, especially in the neck.

Painless swelling of the lymph nodes
Fever and night sweats
Gradual enlargement of the affected area

The Importance of Early Diagnosis and Treatment

Since extrapulmonary TB can present in various ways, it is essential to seek medical attention if you experience unexplained or persistent symptoms. Early diagnosis can prevent severe complications and ensure effective treatment with anti-TB medication.

How Health Insurance Supports TB Treatment

TB treatment can be prolonged and expensive, especially in cases requiring hospitalisation or surgery for complications. This is where health insurance plans in India play a crucial role.

Health Insurance Coverage for TB Treatment

Hospitalisation Expenses: Covers costs related to hospital stays, diagnostic tests, and prescribed medications.
OPD and Diagnostic Cover: Helps manage expenses for regular medical check-ups and tests.
Cashless Treatment: Allows treatment in network hospitals without upfront payments.

Insurance for Pregnant Women and TB Care

Insurance for pregnant women with TB require special care to ensure both maternal and foetal health. Many insurance providers offer insurance for pregnant women, which covers:

Maternity hospitalisation and postnatal care
Treatment for TB during pregnancy
Coverage for newborns in case of congenital TB

Choosing the Right Health Insurance Plan

With the rising costs of medical treatment, having a reliable health insurance plan in India is essential. When selecting a policy, look for:

Comprehensive coverage for TB and related conditions
OPD benefits for regular consultations
Maternity benefits if you are planning a family
A strong network of hospitals for cashless treatment

Why Consider Niva Bupa for TB and General Health Insurance?

Niva Bupa is one of the best health insurance providers in India, offering:

Extensive coverage for TB and other critical illnesses
Affordable premiums with high claim settlement ratios
Plans designed for families, individuals, and senior citizens
Specialised maternity and newborn care coverage

Conclusion

Tuberculosis is not always limited to the lungs, and its uncommon symptoms of TB disease can often go unnoticed. Being aware of the signs and securing adequate health insurance plans in India can make a significant difference in managing the disease effectively. If you or your loved ones are at risk, consider investing in a comprehensive health plan like those offered by Niva Bupa, ensuring that medical emergencies, including TB treatment, are covered without financial stress.

Meta Title: Uncommon Symptoms of TB: When Tuberculosis Affects Other Parts of the Body
Meta Description: Tuberculosis is a severe health condition that requires immediate attention, especially when symptoms of TB disease become severe. Recognising the early warning signs and seeking medical help without delay can be the difference between a full recovery and life-threatening complications.
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